Carditis refers to the inflammation of one or more layers of the heart. It includes Pericarditis, Myocarditis, Endocarditis and Pancarditis. The heart has 3 layers- Pericardium: This is the outer protective layer. It is bi-layered with pericardial fluid in between that helps smooth movement during heartbeat/pumping by reducing friction, and has a cushioning effect. Myocardium:
Vomiting (also called emesis) is forcefully throwing out food and fluids from the gut via the mouth. Nausea refers to the unpleasant sensation or feeling of wanting to vomit. Retching is the attempt to vomit without actually bringing out any vomitus. Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms and occur for a number of reasons.
WHAT IS THROMBOSIS When a clot (thrombus) forms in a blood vessel (artery or vein), it is called thrombosis. Thrombosis or clotting occurs due to an interplay and cascade of activation of coagulation factors (clotting proteins) in the blood. Among these, factor X and factor II (thrombin) form the final common and significant pathways leading to
An injury can cause a bruise, sprain, strain, and sometimes fracture or dislocation, which are a part of life. Discussed here are these acute blunt trauma injuries without surface wounds, cuts or bleeding. Wounds should be treated with appropriate first aid when present. While most such minor injuries like bruises, sprains and strains can be
First aid basics are very useful to manage many household and common injuries. It is important to know the do’s and don’ts and also the alert signs for seeking timely medical intervention. CUTS, SCRAPES AND WOUNDS Always wash your hands well before handling wounds and giving first aid Gently press the cut/wound with gauze till